Publications

@article{nokey,

title = {Drilling Within the Critical Zone},

author = {A. Donaldson and R. P. Callahan and W. J. Hahm and D. N. Dralle and A. Noren and R. E. Breunig and B. M. Hudsen Rasmussen and L. V. Krone and S. L. Brantley and A. J. West and L. Ma and C. S. Riebe and M. Zimmer and A. Dere and D. Rempe},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70463},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-02-17},

urldate = {2026-02-17},

journal = {Hydrological Processes},

volume = {40},

pages = {e70463},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Root water uptake resolved by distributed moisture storage changes through soil and weathered bedrock.},

author = {D. A. Lapides and D. N. Dralle and W. J. Hahm and W. E. Dietrich and D. M. Rempe},

doi = {https:// doi.org/10.1029/2025WR040778},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-10-15},

urldate = {2025-10-15},

journal = {Water Resources Research},

volume = {61},

issue = {10},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Deep Roots Supply Reactivity and Enhance Silicate Weathering in the Bedrock Vadose Zone},

author = {I. D. Osorio-Leon and D. M. Rempe and J. K. Golla and J. Bouchez and J. L. Druhan},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2025AV001692},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-05-25},

urldate = {2025-05-25},

journal = {AGU Advances},

volume = {6},

issue = {3},

pages = {e2025AV001692},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Linked nitrogen and carbon dynamics reveal distinct pools andpatterns in a deep, weathered bedrock rhizosphere},

author = {K.L. Crutchfield-Peters and D. M. Rempe and A. K. Tune and T. E. Dawson},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2400452122},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-03-25},

urldate = {2025-03-25},

journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},

volume = {122},

issue = {19},

pages = {e2400452122},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rempe2022,

title = {Resilience of woody ecosystems to precipitation variability},

author = {D Rempe and EL McCormick and WJ Hahm and GG Persad and C Cummins},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.31223/X5XW7D},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-12-31},

urldate = {2024-12-31},

journal = {EarthArXiv},

keywords = {climate change, Drought, ERCZO, precipitation, woody plants},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = { Bedrock controls on water and energy partitioning.},

author = {R. S. Ehlert, W. J. Hahm, D. N. Dralle, D. M. Rempe, and D. M. Allen },

doi = {https://doi.org/10. 1029/2023WR036719},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-07-25},

urldate = {2024-07-25},

journal = {Water Resources Research},

volume = {60},

issue = {8},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Lapides2022,

title = {Missing snowmelt runoff following drought explained by root-zone storage deficits},

author = {D Lapides and WJ Hahm and D Rempe and DN Dralle},

doi = {http://doi.org/10.31223/X5591F},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-30},

urldate = {2024-06-30},

journal = {PNAS},

keywords = {Drought, ERCZO, root zone, snow melt},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Lapides2023,

title = {Inclusion of bedrock vadose zone in dynamic global vegetation models is key for simulating vegetation structure and functioning},

author = {DA Lapides and WJ Hahm and M Forrest and DM Rempe and T Hickler and DN Dralle},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2572},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-30},

urldate = {2024-06-30},

journal = {EGUsphere},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Golla2024,

title = {Weathering Incongruence in Mountainous Mediterranean Climates Recorded by Stream Lithium Isotope Ratios},

author = {JK Golla and J Bouchez and ML Kuessner and JL Druhan},

doi = {https://doi.org/10. 1029/2023JF007359},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-03-22},

journal = {JGR Earth Surface},

volume = {129},

issue = {3},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Crutchfield-Peters2024,

title = {Deep rhizospheres extend the nitrogen cycle meters below the base of soil into weathered bedrock},

author = {K Crutchfield-Peters and DM Rempe and AK Tune and TE Dawson},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.08.574278},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-19},

urldate = {2024-01-19},

journal = {bioRxiv},

abstract = {Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient to forest productivity worldwide. Recently, it has been established that diverse ecosystems source a substantial fraction of their water from weathered bedrock, leading to questions about whether root-driven nitrogen cycling extends into weathered bedrock as well. In this study, we specifically examined nitrogen dynamics using specialized instrumentation distributed across a 16 m weathered bedrock vadose zone (WBVZ) underlying an old growth forest in northern California where the rhizosphere—composed of plant roots and their associated microbiome—extends meters into rock. We documented total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), inorganic N (ammonium and nitrate) and CO2 and O2 gasses every 1.5 m to 16 m depth for two years. We found that biologically available nitrogen in the weathered bedrock rhizosphere was comparable in concentration to temperate forest soils and primarily organic. TDN concentrations in the WBVZ exhibited distinct patterns with depth and were correlated with periods of increased whole-ecosystem metabolic activity as well as stream discharge, suggesting competing rhizosphere and leaching processes in the fate of TDN in the WBVZ. Carbon isotope composition of the DOC suggests that dissolved organic matter in the WBVZ is primarily derived from fresh plant sources. We conclude that N cycling in the WBVZ is driven by an active rhizosphere meters below the base of soil and represents an important and overlooked component of deeply rooted ecosystems that must be incorporated into future models and theory of ecosystem function.},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Georgakakos2023,

title = {Spring temperature predicts upstream migration timing of invasive Sacramento pikeminnow within its introduced range},

author = {PB Georgakakos and DN Dralle and ME Power},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-023-01486-y},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-11-23},

urldate = {2023-11-23},

journal = {Environ Biol Fish},

volume = {106},

pages = {2069–2082},

abstract = {Rapid climate change and invasive species introductions threaten ecological communities across the globe. Freshwaters are particularly vulnerable and impacted, especially when these stresses coincide. We document the migration of an invasive piscine predator, the Sacramento pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus grandis), within its introduced range, the South Fork Eel River, California, USA. Snorkel surveys and temperature monitoring in 2015–2019 showed that pikeminnow migrate upstream during spring and early summer, with earlier migration in warmer years. We developed a statistical temperature model to forecast the timing and extent of upstream migration by pikeminnow under varying combinations of discharge and air temperature. Modeled river temperature increased with air temperature and downstream and decreased with discharge. In years with low discharge and high air temperature, we predict pikeminnow will move upstream earlier, increasing spatial and temporal overlap in their summer range with native fishes. Managing conditions that reduce pikeminnow co-occurrence with native fishes (i.e., decreasing river temperature) could increase amount and duration of predator-free habitat for native fishes. We predict invasive pikeminnow will have larger impacts on invaded riverine communities with global warming and increasing drought severity. Knowledge of life history and phenology, for pikeminnow and other organisms, can guide effective management as conditions change and help to limit adverse impacts of introduced organisms on native species.},

keywords = {ERCZO, migration, Sacramento pikeminnow},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Dralle2023b,

title = {Inferring hillslope groundwater recharge ratios from the storage-discharge relation},

author = {DN Dralle and WJ Hahm and DM Rempe},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL104255},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-25},

urldate = {2023-07-25},

journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},

abstract = {Accurate observation of hillslope groundwater storage and instantaneous recharge remains difficult due to limited monitoring and the complexity of mountainous landscapes. We introduce a novel storage-discharge method to estimate hillslope recharge and the recharge ratio—the fraction of precipitation that recharges groundwater. The method, which relies on streamflow data, is corroborated by independent measurements of water storage dynamics inside the Rivendell experimental hillslope at the Eel River Critical Zone Observatory, California USA. We find that along-hillslope patterns in bedrock weathering and plant-driven storage dynamics govern the seasonal evolution of recharge ratios. Thinner weathering profiles and smaller root-zone storage deficits near-channel are replenished before larger ridge-top deficits. Consequently, precipitation progressively activates groundwater from channel to divide, with an attendant increase in recharge ratios throughout the wet season. Our novel approach and process observations offer valuable insights into controls on groundwater recharge, enhancing our understanding of a critical flux in the hydrologic cycle.},

keywords = {ERCZO, groundwater, hillslope},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hudson-Rasmussen2022,

title = {Mapping variations in bedrock weathering with slope aspect under a sedimentary ridge-valley system using near-surface geophysics and drilling},

author = {B Hudson-Rasmussen and MH Huang and WJ Hahm and D Rempe and DN Dralle},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JF007254},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-06-26},

urldate = {2023-06-19},

journal = {ESSOAr},

keywords = {bedrock weathering, ERCZO, hillslopes, Mapping},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tune2023,

title = {Deep root activity overprints weathering of petrogenic organic carbon in shale},

author = {AK Tune and JL Druhan and CR Lawrence and DM Rempe},

editor = {A Jacobson},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118048},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-04-01},

urldate = {2023-04-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {607},

number = {118048},

keywords = {ERCZO, root zone, Weathering},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Dralle2023,

title = {The salmonid and the subsurface: Hillslope storage capacity determines the quality and distribution of fish habitat},

author = {DN Dralle and G Rossi and PB Georgakakos and WJ Hahm and DM Rempe and M Blanchard and ME Power and WE Dietrich and SM Carlson},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4436},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-02-21},

journal = {Ecosphere},

volume = {14},

issue = {2},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hill2022,

title = {Direct and indirect interactions of spiders, herbivorous insects, and native plants in native perennial vs exotic annual grass patches},

author = {K Hill and ME Power},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-31},

urldate = {2022-12-31},

journal = {Ecology},

keywords = {ecology, ERCZO, exotic plants, grasses, spiders},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Golla2022,

title = {Subsurface weathering signatures in stream chemistry during an intense storm},

author = {JK Golla and J Bouchez and ML Kuessner and DM Rempe and JL Druhan},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/golla_subsurface_weathering/},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117773},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-10-01},

urldate = {2022-10-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {595},

keywords = {bedrock weathering, ERCZO, hydrochemistry, streams},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rossi2022,

title = {Seasonal growth potential of Oncorhynchus mykiss in streams with contrasting prey phenology and streamflow},

author = {G Rossi and ME Power and SM Carlson and TE Grantham},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/ecs24211/},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4211},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-16},

urldate = {2022-06-16},

journal = {Ecosphere},

keywords = {ERCZO, predator-prey dynamics, steelhead/rainbow trout, streams},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hahm2022,

title = {Bedrock vadose zone storage dynamics under extreme drought: consequences for plant water availability, recharge, and runoff},

author = {WJ Hahm and DN Dralle and M Sanders and AB Bryk and KE Fauria and MH Huang and B Hudson-Rasmussen and MD Nelson and MA Pedrazas and L Schmidt and},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/hahm_bedrock_vadose_storage/},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR031781},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-04-08},

urldate = {2022-04-08},

journal = {Water Resources Research},

volume = {58},

issue = {4},

keywords = {bedrock, Drought, ERCZO, water storage},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Lapides2022b,

title = {Controls on stream water age in a saturation overland flow-dominated catchment},

author = {D Lapides and WJ Hahm and DM Rempe and WE Dietrich and DN Dralle},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/lapides_streamwater_age-compressed/},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR031665},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-04-01},

journal = {Water Resources Research},

volume = {58},

issue = {4},

keywords = {catchment, ERCZO, stream flows},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{LaFollette2022,

title = {Multicriteria analysis on rock moisture and streamflow in a rainfall-runoff model improves accuracy of model results},

author = {PT LaFollette and WJ Hahm and DM Rempe and WE Dietrich and CC Brauer and AH Weerts and DN Dralle},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/lafollette_rockmoisture_streamflow_model/},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14536},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-03-09},

journal = {Hydrological Processes},

volume = {36},

issue = {3},

keywords = {ERCZO, hydrologic modeling, rainfall, rock moisture, Stream Flow},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Peek2021,

title = {Actinemys marmorata (northwestern pond turtle) feeding on Dicamptodon tenebrosus (coastal giant salamander)},

author = {RA Peek and SJ Kupferberg and A Catenazzi and PB Georgakakos and ME Power},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/peek_pondturtle_salamander/},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1898/1051-1733-102.3.261},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-11-26},

urldate = {2021-11-26},

journal = {Northwestern Naturalist},

volume = {102},

issue = {3},

keywords = {ecology, ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bouma-Gregson2021b,

title = {Microcoleus (Cyanobacteria) form watershed-wide populations without strong gradients in population structure},

author = {K Bouma-Gregson and A Crits-Christoph and MR Olm and ME Power and JF Banfield},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/bouma-gregson_microcoleus_cyanobacteria_populations-2/},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16208},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-04},

urldate = {2021-10-04},

journal = {Molecular Ecology},

volume = {31},

pages = {86-103},

keywords = {cyanobacteria, ERCZO, population ecology, population structure},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{McCormick2021,

title = {Evidence for widespread woody plant use of water stored in bedrock},

author = {E. McCormick and D. N. Dralle and W. J. Hahm and A. K. Tune and L. M. Schmidt and K. D. Chadwick and D. M. Rempe},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03761-3},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-09-08},

urldate = {2021-01-14},

journal = {Nature},

abstract = {Woody plant transpiration is a major control on Earth’s climate system, streamflow, and human water supply. Soils are widely considered to be the primary reservoir of water for woody plants, however, plants also access water stored in the fractures and pores of bedrock, either as rock moisture (water stored in the unsaturated zone) (Schwinning, 2010) or bedrock groundwater (below the water table) (Miller et al., 2010). Bedrock as a water source for plants has not been evaluated over large scales, and consequently, its importance to terrestrial water and carbon cycling is poorly known (Fan et al., 2019). Here, we show that woody plants routinely access significant quantities of water stored in bedrock —commonly as rock moisture —for transpiration across diverse climates and biomes. For example, in California, the volume of bedrock water transpired by woody vegetation annually exceeds that stored in man-made reservoirs, and woody vegetation that withdraws bedrock water accounts for over 50% of the aboveground carbon stocks in the state. Our findings show that bedrock water storage dynamics are a critical element of terrestrial water cycling and therefore necessary to capture the effect of shifting climate on woody ecosystems, above- and belowground carbon storage, and water resources.},

keywords = {bedrock water, ERCZO, root zone, transpiration, woody plants},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Debray2021,

title = {Priority effects in microbiome assembly},

author = {R Debray and R Herbert and A Jaffe and A Crits-Christoph and ME Power and B Koskella},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/debray_priority_effects_microbiome/},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-021-00604-w},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-08-27},

urldate = {2021-08-27},

journal = {Nature Reviews Microbiology},

keywords = {ERCZO, microbial communities},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Golla2021,

title = {The evolution of lithium isotope signatures in fluids draining actively weathering hillslopes},

author = {J. K. Golla and M. L. Kuessner and M. J. Henehan and J. Bouchez and D. M. Rempe and J. L. Druhan},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2021.116988},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-08-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {567},

number = {1},

abstract = {The stable isotopes of lithium (Li) serve as a robust proxy of silicate weathering. The fate and transport of these isotopes in the dissolved load of major rivers have been characterized to infer changes in both contemporary weathering regimes and paleo-conditions. In this contribution, we deconvolve this integrated signal into the individual processes that fractionate Li at the inception of silicate weathering by directly measuring Li isotope ratios of waters (Li) transiting through a rapidly eroding first-order hillslope. We use these data to develop a multicomponent reactive transport framework, which shows that net dissolution of weathered material generates light Li signatures (as low as −9.2‰) in the shallow portion of the vadose zone. An increase in Li deeper into the vadose zone (as much as +18‰) reflects an increasing contribution of secondary mineral formation. Below the water table, congruent weathering occurs and imparts elevated cation concentrations and bedrock Li. Silicate weathering continues within the saturated zone as groundwater travels downslope (Li = +13 to + 24‰) to the stream. The stream signatures (Li = +28 to +29‰) reflect the terminus of this network of silicate weathering reactions and the relative magnitude of each contributing process (e.g., transitions in secondary mineral formation, dissolution of weathered material). We show that fluid progressing through the weathering profile of this first-order hillslope is distinguished by a sequence of characteristic Li isotope signatures, which can be reproduced in a forward, process-based model framework. This model development offers an improved quantitative basis for the use of metal(loid) stable isotopes in disentangling catchment-scale chemical weathering fluxes.},

keywords = {Critical Zone, ERCZO, lithium isotopes, reactive transport, silicate weathering},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Muller2021,

title = {Catchment processes can amplify the effect of increasing rainfall variability},

author = {M. F. Muller and K. R. Roche and D. N. Dralle},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac153e},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-07-29},

urldate = {2021-07-29},

journal = {Environmental Research Letters},

volume = {16},

number = {8},

abstract = {By filtering the incoming climate signal when producing streamflow, river basins can attenuate—or amplify—projected increases in rainfall variability. A common perception is that river systems dampen rainfall variability by averaging spatial and temporal variations in their watersheds. However, by analyzing 671 watersheds throughout the United States, we find that many catchments actually amplify the coefficient of variation of rainfall, and that these catchments also likely amplify changes in rainfall variability. Based on catchment-scale water balance principles, we relate that faculty to the interplay between two fundamental hydrological processes: water uptake by vegetation and the storage and subsequent release of water as discharge. By increasing plant water uptake, warmer temperatures might exacerbate the amplifying effect of catchments. More variable precipitations associated with a warmer climate are therefore expected to lead to even more variable river flows—a significant potential challenge for river transportation, ecosystem sustainability and water supply reliability.},

keywords = {climate change, ERCZO, rainfall, Stream Flow, water resources},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Vadeboncoeur2021b,

title = {Blue Waters, Green Bottoms: Benthic Filamentous Algal Blooms (FABs) are an Emerging Threat to Clear Lakes Worldwide},

author = {Y Vadeboncoeur and MV Moore and SD Stewart and S Chandra and KS Atkins and JS Baron and K Bouma-Gregson and S Brothers and SN Francoeur and L Genzoli and SN Higgins and S Hilt and LR Katona and D Kelly and IA Oleksy and T Ozersky and ME Power and D Roberts and AP Smits and O Timoshkin and F Tromboni and MJ Vander Zanden and EA Volkova and AS Waters and SA Wood and M Yamamuro},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/vadebonceour_algal_blooms/},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biab049},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-07-27},

urldate = {2021-07-27},

journal = {BioScience},

volume = {71},

keywords = {algal blooms, benthic, ERCZO, lakes},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Vadeboncoeur2021,

title = {Blue Waters, Green Bottoms: Benthic Filamentous Algal Blooms Are an Emerging Threat to Clear Lakes Worldwide},

author = {Yvonne Vadeboncoeur and Marianne V Moore and Simon D Stewart and Sudeep Chandra and Karen S Atkins and Jill S Baron and Keith Bouma-Gregson and Soren Brothers and Steven N Francoeur and Laurel Genzoli and Scott N Higgins and Sabine Hilt and Leon R Katona and David Kelly and Isabella A Oleksy and Ted Ozersky and Mary E Power and Derek Roberts and Adrianne P Smits and Oleg Timoshkin and Flavia Tromboni and M Jake Vander Zanden and Ekaterina A Volkova and Sean Waters and Susanna A Wood and Masumi Yamamuro},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/biab049-2/},

doi = {10.1093/biosci/biab049},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-07-07},

journal = {BioScience},

volume = {71},

number = {10},

pages = {1011–1027},

abstract = {Nearshore (littoral) habitats of clear lakes with high water quality are increasingly experiencing unexplained proliferations of filamentous algae that grow on submerged surfaces. These filamentous algal blooms (FABs) are sometimes associated with nutrient pollution in groundwater, but complex changes in climate, nutrient transport, lake hydrodynamics, and food web structure may also facilitate this emerging threat to clear lakes. A coordinated effort among members of the public, managers, and scientists is needed to document the occurrence of FABs, to standardize methods for measuring their severity, to adapt existing data collection networks to include nearshore habitats, and to mitigate and reverse this profound structural change in lake ecosystems. Current models of lake eutrophication do not explain this littoral greening. However, a cohesive response to it is essential for protecting some of the world's most valued lakes and the flora, fauna, and ecosystem services they sustain.},

keywords = {attached filamentous algae, ERCZO, eutrophication, global change, littoral, periphyton},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Dralle2021,

title = {Technical note: Accounting for snow in the estimation of root zone water storage capacity from precipitation and evapotranspiration fluxes},

author = {D. N. Dralle and W. J. Hahm and K. D. Chadwick and E. McCormick and D. M. Rempe},

doi = {10.5194/hess-25-2861-2021},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-27},

journal = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences},

volume = {25},

number = {5},

pages = {2861–2867},

abstract = {A common parameter in hydrological modeling frameworks is root zone water storage capacity (SR[L]), which mediates plant water availability during dry periods as well as the partitioning of rainfall between runoff and evapotranspiration. Recently, a simple flux-tracking-based approach was introduced to estimate the value of SR (Wang-Erlandsson et al., 2016). Here, we build upon this original method, which we argue may overestimate SR in snow-dominated catchments due to snow melt and evaporation processes. We propose a simple extension to the method presented by Wang-Erlandsson et al. (2016) and show that the approach provides a lower estimate of SR in snow-dominated watersheds. This SR dataset is available at a 1 km resolution for the continental USA, along with the full analysis code, on the Google Colab and Earth Engine platforms. We highlight differences between the original and new methods across the rain–snow transition in the Southern Sierra Nevada, California, USA. As climate warms and precipitation increasingly arrives as rain instead of snow, the subsurface may be an increasingly important reservoir for storing plant-available water between wet and dry seasons; therefore, improved estimates of SR will better clarify the future role of the subsurface as a storage reservoir that can sustain forests during seasonal dry periods and episodic drought.},

keywords = {ERCZO, evapotranspiration, hydrologic modeling, root zone, snow melt, water storage},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hungate2021,

title = {The Functional Significance of Bacterial Predators},

author = {Bruce A. Hungate and Jane C. Marks and Mary E. Power and Egbert Schwartz and Kees Jan Groenigen and Steven J. Blazewicz and Peter Chuckran and Paul Dijkstra and Brianna K. Finley and Mary K. Firestone and Megan Foley and Alex Greenlon and Michaela Hayer and Kirsten S. Hofmockel and Benjamin J. Koch and Michelle C. Mack and Rebecca L. Mau and Samantha N. Miller and Ember M. Morrissey and Jeffrey R. Propster and Alicia M. Purcell and Ella Sieradzki and Evan P. Starr and Bram W. G. Stone and César Terrer and Jennifer Pett-Ridge},

doi = {10.1128/mBio.00466-21},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-27},

urldate = {2021-04-27},

journal = {mBio},

volume = {12},

number = {e00466-21},

abstract = {Predation structures food webs, influences energy flow, and alters rates and pathways of nutrient cycling through ecosystems, effects that are well documented for macroscopic predators. In the microbial world, predatory bacteria are common, yet little is known about their rates of growth and roles in energy flows through microbial food webs, in part because these are difficult to quantify. Here, we show that growth and carbon uptake were higher in predatory bacteria compared to nonpredatory bacteria, a finding across 15 sites, synthesizing 82 experiments and over 100,000 taxon-specific measurements of element flow into newly synthesized bacterial DNA. Obligate predatory bacteria grew 36% faster and assimilated carbon at rates 211% higher than nonpredatory bacteria. These differences were less pronounced for facultative predators (6% higher growth rates, 17% higher carbon assimilation rates), though high growth and carbon assimilation rates were observed for some facultative predators, such as members of the genera Lysobacter and Cytophaga, both capable of gliding motility and wolf-pack hunting behavior. Added carbon substrates disproportionately stimulated growth of obligate predators, with responses 63% higher than those of nonpredators for the Bdellovibrionales and 81% higher for the Vampirovibrionales, whereas responses of facultative predators to substrate addition were no different from those of nonpredators. This finding supports the ecological theory that higher productivity increases predator control of lower trophic levels. These findings also indicate that the functional significance of bacterial predators increases with energy flow and that predatory bacteria influence element flow through microbial food webs.},

keywords = {18O-H2O, Bdellovibrio, ERCZO, food webs, predator, qSIP, stable isotope probing, top-down control, trophic interactions},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bilir2021,

title = {Slope-Aspect Induced Climate Differences Influence How Water Is Exchanged Between the Land and Atmosphere},

author = {T. Eren Bilir and Inez Fung and Todd E. Dawson},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG006027},

doi = {10.1029/2020JG006027},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-27},

journal = {JGR Biogeosciences},

volume = {126},

number = {5},

abstract = {Cross-slope climate differences in the midlatitudes are ecologically important, and impact vegetation-mediated water balance between the earth surface and the atmosphere. We made high-resolution in situ observations of air temperature, relative humidity, soil moisture, insolation, and sap velocity observations on 14 Pacific madrone trees (Arbutus menziesii) spanning adjacent north and south slopes at the University of California's Angelo Coast Range Reserve. To understand the cross-slope response of sap velocity, a proxy for transpiration, to microclimate, we modeled the sap velocity on each slope using a transpiration model driven by ambient environment and parameterized with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo parameter estimation process. The results show that trees on opposing slopes do not follow a shared pattern of physiological response to transpiration drivers. This means that the observed sap velocity differences are not due entirely to observed microclimate differences, but also due to population-level physiological differences, which indicates acclimation to inhabited microclimate. While our present data set and analytical tools do not identify mechanisms of acclimation, we speculate that differing proportions of sun-adapted and shade-adapted leaves, differences in stomatal regulation, and cross-slope root zone moisture differences could explain some of the observed and modeled differences.},

keywords = {ERCZO, MCMC, plant acclimation, sap velocity, topographic effect, transpiration drivers, transpiration modeling},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Pedrazas2021,

title = {The Relationship Between Topography, Bedrock Weathering, and Water Storage Across a Sequence of Ridges and Valleys},

author = {Michelle A. Pedrazas and W. Jesse Hahm and Mong-Han Huang and David Dralle and Mariel D. Nelson and Rachel E. Breunig and Kristen E. Fauria and Alexander B. Bryk and William E. Dietrich and Daniella M. Rempe},

url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/jgr-earth-surface-2021-pedrazas-the-relationship-between-topography-bedrock-weathering-and-water-storage-across-a-1/},

doi = {10.1029/2020JF005848},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-23},

urldate = {2021-03-23},

journal = {JGR Earth Surface},

volume = {126},

number = {4},

abstract = {Bedrock weathering regulates nutrient mobilization, water storage, and soil production. Relative to the mobile soil layer, little is known about the relationship between topography and bedrock weathering. Here, we identify a common pattern of weathering and water storage across a sequence of three ridges and valleys in the sedimentary Great Valley Sequence in Northern California that share a tectonic and climate history. Deep drilling, downhole logging, and characterization of chemistry and porosity reveal two weathering fronts. The shallower front is ∼7 m deep at the ridge of all three hillslopes, and marks the extent of pervasive fracturing and oxidation of pyrite and organic carbon. A deeper weathering front marks the extent of open fractures and discoloration. This front is 11 m deep under two ridges of similar ridge-valley spacing, but 17.5 m deep under a ridge with nearly twice the ridge-valley spacing. Hence, at ridge tops, the fraction of the hillslope relief that is weathered scales with hillslope length. In all three hillslopes, below this second weathering front, closed fractures and unweathered bedrock extend about one-half the hilltop elevation above the adjacent channels. Neutron probe surveys reveal that seasonally dynamic moisture is stored to approximately the same depth as the shallow weathering front. Under the channels that bound our study hillslopes, the two weathering fronts coincide and occur within centimeters of the ground surface. Our findings provide evidence for feedbacks between erosion and weathering in mountainous landscapes that result in systematic subsurface structuring and water routing.},

keywords = {bedrock weathering, Critical Zone, ERCZO, hillslope, unsaturated zone, water storage, Weathering},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bouma-Gregson2021c,

title = {Taxon Specific Photosynthetic Responses of Attached Algal Assemblages to Experimental Translocation Between River Habitats},

author = {K Bouma-Gregson and ME Power and PC Furey and CJ Huckins and Y. Vadeboncoeur},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1086/713095},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

urldate = {2021-03-01},

journal = {Freshwater Science},

volume = {40},

issue = {1},

pages = {175-190},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rossi2021,

title = {Foraging modes and movements of Oncorhynchus mykiss as flow and invertebrate drift recede in a California stream},

author = {Gabriel J. Rossi and Mary E. Power and Shelley Pneh and Jason R. Neuswanger and Timothy J. Caldwell},

doi = {10.1139/cjfas-2020-0398},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-12},

journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences},

abstract = {Salmonids frequently adapt their feeding and movement strategies to cope with seasonally fluctuating stream environments. Oncorhynchus mykiss tend to drift-forage in higher velocity habitat than other salmonids, yet their presence in streams with seasonally low velocity and drift suggests behavioral flexibility. We combined 3-D videogrammetry with measurements of invertebrate drift and stream hydraulics to investigate the drivers of O. mykiss foraging mode and movement during the seasonal recession in a California stream. From May to July (2016), foraging movement rate increased as prey concentration and velocity declined; however, movement decreased in August as pools became low and still. In May, 80% of O. mykiss were drift-foraging, while by July, over 70% used search or benthic-foraging modes. Velocity and riffle crest depth were significant predictors of foraging mode, while drift concentration was a poor univariate predictor. However top ranked additive models included both hydraulic variables and drift concentration. A drift-foraging bioenergetic model was a poor predictor of foraging mode. We suggest that infall and benthic prey, as well as risk aversion, may influence late-summer foraging decisions.},

keywords = {bioenergetics, ERCZO, foraging behavior, Mediterranean streams, Oncorhynchus mykiss, salmonids, stream hydraulics, video, videogrammetry},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005795https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG0057952020,

title = {Carbon Dioxide Production in Bedrock Beneath Soils Substantially Contributes to Forest Carbon Cycling},

author = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005795},

editor = {AK Tune and J Druhan and J Wang and PC Bennett and DM Rempe},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005795},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-11-27},

journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},

volume = {125},

issue = {12},

keywords = {ERCZO},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Schmidt2020,

title = {Quantifying Dynamic Water Storage in Unsaturated Bedrock with Borehole Nuclear Magnetic Resonance},

author = {Logan Schmidt and Daniella M. Rempe},

doi = {10.1029/2020GL089600},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-11-02},

journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},

volume = {47},

number = {22},

pages = {e2020GL089600},

abstract = {Quantifying the volume of water that is stored in the subsurface is critical to studies of water availability to ecosystems, slope stability, and water‐rock interactions. In a variety of settings, water is stored in fractured and weathered bedrock as rock moisture. However, few techniques are available to measure rock moisture in unsaturated rock, making direct estimates of water storage dynamics difficult to obtain. Here, we use borehole nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at two sites in seasonally dry California to quantify dynamic rock moisture storage. We show strong agreement between NMR estimates of dynamic storage and estimates derived from neutron logging and mass balance techniques. The depths of dynamic storage are up to 9 m and likely reflect the depth extent of root water uptake. To our knowledge, these data are the first to quantify the volume and depths of dynamic water storage in the bedrock vadose zone via borehole NMR.},

keywords = {Critical Zone, ERCZO, hydrogeophysics, neutron moderation nuclear magnetic resonance, vadose zone, water storage},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}