2022
Hill, K; Power, ME
Direct and indirect interactions of spiders, herbivorous insects, and native plants in native perennial vs exotic annual grass patches Journal Article
In: Ecology, 2022.
BibTeX | Tags: ecology, ERCZO, exotic plants, grasses, spiders
@article{Hill2022,
title = {Direct and indirect interactions of spiders, herbivorous insects, and native plants in native perennial vs exotic annual grass patches},
author = {K Hill and ME Power},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-12-31},
urldate = {2022-12-31},
journal = {Ecology},
keywords = {ecology, ERCZO, exotic plants, grasses, spiders},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2003
Levine, Jonathan M.; Vilà, Montserrat; D’Antonio, Carla M.; Dukes, Jeffrey S.; Grigulis, Karl; Lavorel, Sandra
Mechanisms underlying the impacts of exotic plant invasions Journal Article
In: Proceedings of the Royal Society, vol. 270, no. 1517, pp. 775-781, 2003, ISSN: 0962-8452.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: biological invasions, community structure, ecosystem processes, exotic plants, impact
@article{Levine2003c,
title = {Mechanisms underlying the impacts of exotic plant invasions},
author = {Jonathan M. Levine and Montserrat Vilà and Carla M. D'Antonio and Jeffrey S. Dukes and Karl Grigulis and Sandra Lavorel},
url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/59/Review-Paper.-Mechanisms-Underlying-the-Impacts-of-Exotic-Plant-Invasions_Levine_2003.pdf},
doi = {10.1098/rspb.2003.2327},
issn = {0962-8452},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-04-22},
journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society},
volume = {270},
number = {1517},
pages = {775-781},
abstract = {Although the impacts of exotic plant invasions on community structure and ecosystem processes are well appreciated, the pathways or mechanisms that underlie these impacts are poorly understood. Better exploration of these processes is essential to understanding why exotic plants impact only certain systems, and why only some invaders have large impacts. Here, we review over 150 studies to evaluate the mechanisms underlying the impacts of exotic plant invasions on plant and animal community structure, nutrient cycling, hydrology and fire regimes. We find that, while numerous studies have examined the impacts of invasions on plant diversity and composition, less than 5% test whether these effects arise through competition, allelopathy, alteration of ecosystem variables or other processes. Nonetheless, competition was often hypothesized, and nearly all studies competing native and alien plants against each other found strong competitive effects of exotic species. In contrast to studies of the impacts on plant community structure and higher trophic, levels, research examining impacts on nitrogen cycling, hydrology and fire regimes is generally highly mechanistic, often motivated by specific invader traits. We encourage future studies that link impacts on community structure to ecosystem processes, and relate the controls over invasibility to the controls over impact.},
keywords = {biological invasions, community structure, ecosystem processes, exotic plants, impact},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Although the impacts of exotic plant invasions on community structure and ecosystem processes are well appreciated, the pathways or mechanisms that underlie these impacts are poorly understood. Better exploration of these processes is essential to understanding why exotic plants impact only certain systems, and why only some invaders have large impacts. Here, we review over 150 studies to evaluate the mechanisms underlying the impacts of exotic plant invasions on plant and animal community structure, nutrient cycling, hydrology and fire regimes. We find that, while numerous studies have examined the impacts of invasions on plant diversity and composition, less than 5% test whether these effects arise through competition, allelopathy, alteration of ecosystem variables or other processes. Nonetheless, competition was often hypothesized, and nearly all studies competing native and alien plants against each other found strong competitive effects of exotic species. In contrast to studies of the impacts on plant community structure and higher trophic, levels, research examining impacts on nitrogen cycling, hydrology and fire regimes is generally highly mechanistic, often motivated by specific invader traits. We encourage future studies that link impacts on community structure to ecosystem processes, and relate the controls over invasibility to the controls over impact.
1999
Levine, Jonathan M.; D’Antonio, Carla M.
Elton revisited: a review of evidence linking diversity and invasibility Journal Article
In: Oikos, vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 15-26, 1999, ISSN: 0030-1299, (File size exceeds maximum allowable for Angelo’s website. Please see the attached stable link for PDF.).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: biodiversity, biological invasions, California, COMMUNITIES, competition, exotic plants, grassland, introduced Hawaiian avifauna, New Zealand, positive interactions, riparian zones
@article{Levine1999,
title = {Elton revisited: a review of evidence linking diversity and invasibility},
author = {Jonathan M. Levine and Carla M. D'Antonio},
url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/3546992},
doi = {10.2307/3546992},
issn = {0030-1299},
year = {1999},
date = {1999-10-00},
journal = {Oikos},
volume = {87},
number = {1},
pages = {15-26},
abstract = {It is commonly believed that diverse communities better resist invasion by exotic species than do simple communities. We examined the history of this notion, and evaluated theoretical and empirical work linking diversity and invasions. We found that much of the historical work that has contributed to the perception that diverse communities are less invasible, including Elton's observations and MacArthur's species-packing and diversity-stability models, is based on controversial premises. Nevertheless, more recent theoretical studies consistently supported the predicted negative relationship between diversity and invasibility. The results of empirical studies, however, were decidedly mixed. Constructed community studies directly manipulating diversity found both positive and negative effects of diversity on invasibility in both field and microcosm settings. Other empirical studies tracking the assembly of ecological communities generally suggested that communities decline in invasibility as species accumulate over time, though the role of diversity itself was often ambiguous. Studies of the spatial correlation between diversity and invasion and studies experimentally adding invaders to natural systems indicated that diverse communities tend to be more invasible. We argue that these results most likely reflect environmental factors spatially covarying with diversity in natural communities (e.g. resources, disturbance), and not the effects of diversity itself as uncovered by constructed community studies. Nevertheless, the consistent positive relationship between exotic species abundance and resident species diversity found in spatial pattern studies suggests that invaders and resident species are more similar than often believed, and the implications of this for theories of invasion are discussed.},
note = {File size exceeds maximum allowable for Angelo's website. Please see the attached stable link for PDF.},
keywords = {biodiversity, biological invasions, California, COMMUNITIES, competition, exotic plants, grassland, introduced Hawaiian avifauna, New Zealand, positive interactions, riparian zones},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
It is commonly believed that diverse communities better resist invasion by exotic species than do simple communities. We examined the history of this notion, and evaluated theoretical and empirical work linking diversity and invasions. We found that much of the historical work that has contributed to the perception that diverse communities are less invasible, including Elton’s observations and MacArthur’s species-packing and diversity-stability models, is based on controversial premises. Nevertheless, more recent theoretical studies consistently supported the predicted negative relationship between diversity and invasibility. The results of empirical studies, however, were decidedly mixed. Constructed community studies directly manipulating diversity found both positive and negative effects of diversity on invasibility in both field and microcosm settings. Other empirical studies tracking the assembly of ecological communities generally suggested that communities decline in invasibility as species accumulate over time, though the role of diversity itself was often ambiguous. Studies of the spatial correlation between diversity and invasion and studies experimentally adding invaders to natural systems indicated that diverse communities tend to be more invasible. We argue that these results most likely reflect environmental factors spatially covarying with diversity in natural communities (e.g. resources, disturbance), and not the effects of diversity itself as uncovered by constructed community studies. Nevertheless, the consistent positive relationship between exotic species abundance and resident species diversity found in spatial pattern studies suggests that invaders and resident species are more similar than often believed, and the implications of this for theories of invasion are discussed.