2020
Dawson, T. E.; Hahm, W. J.; Crutchfield-Peters, K.
Digging deeper: what the critical zone perspective adds to the study of plant ecophysiology Journal Article
In: New Phytologist, vol. 226, no. 3, pp. 666-671, 2020.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Critical Zone, ERCZO, nutrients, plant ecophysiology, soil, water, weathered bedrock
@article{Dawson2020,
title = {Digging deeper: what the critical zone perspective adds to the study of plant ecophysiology},
author = {T. E. Dawson and W. J. Hahm and K. Crutchfield-Peters},
url = {https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.16410},
doi = {10.1111/nph.16410},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-08},
journal = {New Phytologist},
volume = {226},
number = {3},
pages = {666-671},
abstract = {The emergence of critical zone (CZ) science has provided an integrative platform for investigating plant ecophysiology in the context of landscape evolution, weathering and hydrology. The CZ lies between the top of the vegetation canopy and fresh, chemically unaltered bedrock and plays a pivotal role in sustaining life. We consider what the CZ perspective has recently brought to the study of plant ecophysiology. We specifically highlight novel research demonstrating the importance of the deeper subsurface for plant water and nutrient relations. We also point to knowledge gaps and research opportunities, emphasising, in particular, greater focus on the roles of deep, nonsoil resources and how those resources influence and coevolve with plants as a frontier of plant ecophysiological research.},
keywords = {Critical Zone, ERCZO, nutrients, plant ecophysiology, soil, water, weathered bedrock},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The emergence of critical zone (CZ) science has provided an integrative platform for investigating plant ecophysiology in the context of landscape evolution, weathering and hydrology. The CZ lies between the top of the vegetation canopy and fresh, chemically unaltered bedrock and plays a pivotal role in sustaining life. We consider what the CZ perspective has recently brought to the study of plant ecophysiology. We specifically highlight novel research demonstrating the importance of the deeper subsurface for plant water and nutrient relations. We also point to knowledge gaps and research opportunities, emphasising, in particular, greater focus on the roles of deep, nonsoil resources and how those resources influence and coevolve with plants as a frontier of plant ecophysiological research.
2012
Berhe, AA; Suttle, KD; Burton, SD; Banfield, JF
Contingency in the direction and mechanics of soil organic matter responses to increased rainfall Journal Article
In: Plant and Soil, vol. 358, iss. 1-2, pp. 371-383, 2012, ISSN: 0032-079X, 1573-5036.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: soil
@article{Berhe2012,
title = {Contingency in the direction and mechanics of soil organic matter responses to increased rainfall},
author = {AA Berhe and KD Suttle and SD Burton and JF Banfield},
url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11104-012-1156-0},
doi = {10.1007/s11104-012-1156-0},
issn = {0032-079X, 1573-5036},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-09-01},
journal = {Plant and Soil},
volume = {358},
issue = {1-2},
pages = {371-383},
abstract = {Background and Aims Rainfall is expected to show greater and more variable changes in response to anticipated rising of earth surface temperatures than most other climatic variables, and will be a major driver of ecosystem change. Methods We studied the effects of predicted changes in California’s rainy season for storage and stabilization mechanisms of soil organic matter (SOM). In a controlled and replicated experiment, we amended rainfall over large plots of natural grassland in accordance with alternative scenarios of future climate change. Results We found that increases in annual rainfall have important consequences for soil carbon (C) storage, but that the strength and even direction of these effects depend critically on seasonal timing. Additional rainfall during the winter rainy season led to C loss from soil while additions after the typical rainy season increased soil C content. Analysis of MIneral-Organic Matter (OM) associations reveals a potentially powerful mechanism underlying this difference: increased winter rainfall greatly diminished the role of Fe and Al oxides in SOM stabilization. Dithionite extractable crystalline Fe oxides explained more than 35% of the variability in C storage under ambient control and extended spring rainfall conditions, compared to less than 0.01% under increased winter rainfall. Likewise, poorly crystalline Fe and Al oxides explained more than 25 and 40% of the variability in C storage in the control and extended spring rainfall treatments, respectively, but less than 5% in the increased winter rainfall treatment. Conclusions Increases in annual precipitation identical in amount but at three-month offsets produced opposite effects on soil C storage. Such clear differences in the amount and chemical composition of SOM, and in the vertical distribution of oxides in the soil profile in response to treatment timing carry important implications for the C sequestration trajectory of this ecosystem.},
keywords = {soil},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background and Aims Rainfall is expected to show greater and more variable changes in response to anticipated rising of earth surface temperatures than most other climatic variables, and will be a major driver of ecosystem change. Methods We studied the effects of predicted changes in California’s rainy season for storage and stabilization mechanisms of soil organic matter (SOM). In a controlled and replicated experiment, we amended rainfall over large plots of natural grassland in accordance with alternative scenarios of future climate change. Results We found that increases in annual rainfall have important consequences for soil carbon (C) storage, but that the strength and even direction of these effects depend critically on seasonal timing. Additional rainfall during the winter rainy season led to C loss from soil while additions after the typical rainy season increased soil C content. Analysis of MIneral-Organic Matter (OM) associations reveals a potentially powerful mechanism underlying this difference: increased winter rainfall greatly diminished the role of Fe and Al oxides in SOM stabilization. Dithionite extractable crystalline Fe oxides explained more than 35% of the variability in C storage under ambient control and extended spring rainfall conditions, compared to less than 0.01% under increased winter rainfall. Likewise, poorly crystalline Fe and Al oxides explained more than 25 and 40% of the variability in C storage in the control and extended spring rainfall treatments, respectively, but less than 5% in the increased winter rainfall treatment. Conclusions Increases in annual precipitation identical in amount but at three-month offsets produced opposite effects on soil C storage. Such clear differences in the amount and chemical composition of SOM, and in the vertical distribution of oxides in the soil profile in response to treatment timing carry important implications for the C sequestration trajectory of this ecosystem.
2009
Cruz-Martínez, Brodie EL Suttle KB
Despite strong seasonal responses, soil microbial consortia are more resilient to long-term changes in rainfall than overlying grassland. Journal Article
In: The ISME Journal, vol. 3, pp. 738–744, 2009.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: climate change, cosmogenic isotope, grasslands, microbial communities, rainfall, soil
@article{doi:10.1038/ismej.2009.16,
title = {Despite strong seasonal responses, soil microbial consortia are more resilient to long-term changes in rainfall than overlying grassland.},
author = {Brodie EL Suttle KB Cruz-Martínez},
url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/59/Cruz_2009_ISME.pdf},
doi = {doi:10.1038/ismej.2009.16},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-03-12},
journal = {The ISME Journal},
volume = {3},
pages = {738–744},
abstract = {Climate change impacts on soil microbial communities could alter the structure of terrestrial ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles of the Earth. We used 16S rRNA gene microarrays to evaluate changes in the composition of grassland soil microbial communities under rainfall amendments simulating alternative climate change scenarios, and to compare these to responses of overlying plants and invertebrates. Following 5 years of rainfall manipulation, soil bacteria and archaea in plots where natural rain was supplemented differed little from ambient controls, despite profound treatment-related changes in the overlying grassland. During the sixth and seventh year, seasonal differences in bacterial and archaeal assemblages emerged among treatments, but only when watering exacerbated or alleviated periods of particularly aberrant conditions in the ambient climate. In contrast to effects on plants and invertebrates, effects on bacteria and archaea did not compound across seasons or years, indicating that soil microbial communities may be more robust than associated aboveground macroorganisms to certain alterations in climate.},
keywords = {climate change, cosmogenic isotope, grasslands, microbial communities, rainfall, soil},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Climate change impacts on soil microbial communities could alter the structure of terrestrial ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles of the Earth. We used 16S rRNA gene microarrays to evaluate changes in the composition of grassland soil microbial communities under rainfall amendments simulating alternative climate change scenarios, and to compare these to responses of overlying plants and invertebrates. Following 5 years of rainfall manipulation, soil bacteria and archaea in plots where natural rain was supplemented differed little from ambient controls, despite profound treatment-related changes in the overlying grassland. During the sixth and seventh year, seasonal differences in bacterial and archaeal assemblages emerged among treatments, but only when watering exacerbated or alleviated periods of particularly aberrant conditions in the ambient climate. In contrast to effects on plants and invertebrates, effects on bacteria and archaea did not compound across seasons or years, indicating that soil microbial communities may be more robust than associated aboveground macroorganisms to certain alterations in climate.