2003
Eisen, Rebecca J.; Eisen, Lars; Castro, Martin B.; Lane, Robert S.
Environmentally related variability in risk of exposure to Lyme disease spirochetes in northern … Journal Article
In: Environmental Entomology, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 1010-1018, 2003.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Borrelia burgdorferi, habitat, human risk, Ixodes pacificus, Lyme disease
@article{Eisen2003,
title = {Environmentally related variability in risk of exposure to Lyme disease spirochetes in northern …},
author = {Rebecca J. Eisen and Lars Eisen and Martin B. Castro and Robert S. Lane},
url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/59/Environmentally-Related-Variability-in-Risk-of-Exposure-to-Lyme-Disease-Spirochetes-in-Northern-California-Effect-of-Climatic-Conditions-and-Habitat-Type_Eisen_2002.pdf},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0046-225X-32.5.1010},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-05-06},
journal = {Environmental Entomology},
volume = {32},
number = {5},
pages = {1010-1018},
abstract = {Risk of exposure to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) spirochetes, which include the causative agents of Lyme disease, is, in part, determined by the density of questing infected vector ticks. We sought to clarify the temporal patterns of nymphal activity, and the extent of variation in peak and cumulative densities of B. burgdorferi s.l.-infected Ixodes pacificus Cooley & Kohls nymphs, at 12 sites within the ecologically diverse Mendocino County in northwestern California. Also, we assessed the impact of various environmental characteristics (e.g., climatologic variables, habitat type, deer usage) on the aforementioned tick-related traits. The average durations of total and peak (nymphal density > 75% of absolute peak) questing activity were 31% and 82% longer, respectively, in areas with conifers present than in oak woodlands, which represented the warmest and driest habitat type examined. Peak and cumulative densities of infected nymphs varied > 400-fold between sites. Both traits were positively associated with the presence of Quercus spp. oaks or deer, and lower in redwood/tanoak versus oak and oak/Douglas fir habitats. However, a prolonged duration of nymphal activity in redwood habitats, relative to oak woodlands, resulted in a shift from peak nymphal densities occurring in oak woodlands in spring to redwood/tanoak habitats in summer. In conclusion, our data clearly show significant variability in seasonal as well as spatial risk of exposure to Lyme disease spirochetes within a small but ecologically, diverse geographic area. Hence, temporally dynamic and spatially explicit models are needed to assess the risk of exposure to tick-borne pathogens at spatial scales encompassing diverse climatologic or ecological conditions.},
keywords = {Borrelia burgdorferi, habitat, human risk, Ixodes pacificus, Lyme disease},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Risk of exposure to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) spirochetes, which include the causative agents of Lyme disease, is, in part, determined by the density of questing infected vector ticks. We sought to clarify the temporal patterns of nymphal activity, and the extent of variation in peak and cumulative densities of B. burgdorferi s.l.-infected Ixodes pacificus Cooley & Kohls nymphs, at 12 sites within the ecologically diverse Mendocino County in northwestern California. Also, we assessed the impact of various environmental characteristics (e.g., climatologic variables, habitat type, deer usage) on the aforementioned tick-related traits. The average durations of total and peak (nymphal density > 75% of absolute peak) questing activity were 31% and 82% longer, respectively, in areas with conifers present than in oak woodlands, which represented the warmest and driest habitat type examined. Peak and cumulative densities of infected nymphs varied > 400-fold between sites. Both traits were positively associated with the presence of Quercus spp. oaks or deer, and lower in redwood/tanoak versus oak and oak/Douglas fir habitats. However, a prolonged duration of nymphal activity in redwood habitats, relative to oak woodlands, resulted in a shift from peak nymphal densities occurring in oak woodlands in spring to redwood/tanoak habitats in summer. In conclusion, our data clearly show significant variability in seasonal as well as spatial risk of exposure to Lyme disease spirochetes within a small but ecologically, diverse geographic area. Hence, temporally dynamic and spatially explicit models are needed to assess the risk of exposure to tick-borne pathogens at spatial scales encompassing diverse climatologic or ecological conditions.
1986
Barrows, C.
Habitat Relationships of Winter Wrens in Northern California Journal Article
In: Western Birds, vol. 17, pp. 17-20, 1986.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: habitat, winter wrens
@article{Barrows1986,
title = {Habitat Relationships of Winter Wrens in Northern California},
author = {C. Barrows},
url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/59/Barrows_1986_-wnterwrens.pdf},
year = {1986},
date = {1986-01-01},
urldate = {1986-00-00},
journal = {Western Birds},
volume = {17},
pages = {17-20},
abstract = {The Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) has the most widespread distribution of any wren and is the only member of the Troglodytidae found in Asia, Europe and northern Africa, as well as North America. In Europe, where it is known simply as the Wren, this bird has been well studied (Armstrong 1955). In North America, however, there has been little investigation of Winter Wren ecology. Despite their cosmopolitan distribution, Winter Wrens in California appear restricted in their habitat selection. Dawson (1925, Vol. 1:680-681) described the Winter Wren as an inhabitant of rugged stream beds throughout the somber depths of the fir and Redwood forests... pine country being altogether too dry." Grinnell (1915: 160) referred to this wren as "...a common resident of the humid coast belt... sparingly in the northern high Sierra... occurs more widely in mid-winter." Beyond such general
descriptions, information on the habitat of Winter Wrens in California comes from broad spectrum inventories. Breeding bird censuses published in American Birds and elsewhere are currently the only source of Winter Wren habitat data for this region. In this paper I present data on the habitat relationships of Winter Wrens in
northern California. I document the wrens' seasonal habitat selection in the
context of forest age and temperature-moisture gradients.},
keywords = {habitat, winter wrens},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) has the most widespread distribution of any wren and is the only member of the Troglodytidae found in Asia, Europe and northern Africa, as well as North America. In Europe, where it is known simply as the Wren, this bird has been well studied (Armstrong 1955). In North America, however, there has been little investigation of Winter Wren ecology. Despite their cosmopolitan distribution, Winter Wrens in California appear restricted in their habitat selection. Dawson (1925, Vol. 1:680-681) described the Winter Wren as an inhabitant of rugged stream beds throughout the somber depths of the fir and Redwood forests… pine country being altogether too dry.” Grinnell (1915: 160) referred to this wren as “…a common resident of the humid coast belt… sparingly in the northern high Sierra… occurs more widely in mid-winter.” Beyond such general
descriptions, information on the habitat of Winter Wrens in California comes from broad spectrum inventories. Breeding bird censuses published in American Birds and elsewhere are currently the only source of Winter Wren habitat data for this region. In this paper I present data on the habitat relationships of Winter Wrens in
northern California. I document the wrens’ seasonal habitat selection in the
context of forest age and temperature-moisture gradients.
descriptions, information on the habitat of Winter Wrens in California comes from broad spectrum inventories. Breeding bird censuses published in American Birds and elsewhere are currently the only source of Winter Wren habitat data for this region. In this paper I present data on the habitat relationships of Winter Wrens in
northern California. I document the wrens’ seasonal habitat selection in the
context of forest age and temperature-moisture gradients.