2011
Limm, Michael P.; Power, Mary E.
The caddisfly Dicosmoecus gilvipes: making a case for a functional role Journal Article
In: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 485-492, 2011.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: camouflage, case, Dicosmoecus, drag, function, predation, stability, Trichoptera
@article{Limm2011b,
title = {The caddisfly Dicosmoecus gilvipes: making a case for a functional role},
author = {Michael P. Limm and Mary E. Power},
url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/59/Limm_2011_JNAmBentholSoc.pdf},
doi = {10.1899/10-028.1},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-03-29},
journal = {Journal of the North American Benthological Society},
volume = {30},
number = {2},
pages = {485-492},
abstract = {Most caddisfly larvae build cases of silk and a variety of collected materials. Multiple functions,
including protection from predators, resistance to entrainment by high flows, and improved respiration,
have been suggested for caddisfly cases. We investigated the functional role of cases built by Dicosmoecus gilvipes, a limnephilid caddisfly. In this species, the 1st- through 4th-instar larvae build cases with plant material and attach Douglas-fir needles as lateral extensions that resemble vanes on an arrow. We tested whether the lateral extensions and entire case deterred predators by manipulating lateral extensions and case presence for larvae exposed to large steelhead trout. No larva with a case (with or without lateral extensions) was consumed during the experiment, whereas all larvae without a case were consumed. We tested whether lateral extensions provided stability against overturning and entrainment by manipulating presence of lateral extensions and subjecting larvae to turbulent flow conditions. Once dislodged, larvae with lateral extensions experienced fewer revolutions and regained their footing faster than those without extensions. Our results suggest lateral extensions provide stability against overturning in fast flow and may improve the ability of larvae to forage efficiently in turbulent flow conditions. Other caddisfly species build lateral extensions on their case, and the extensions may provide similar benefits for these taxa.},
keywords = {camouflage, case, Dicosmoecus, drag, function, predation, stability, Trichoptera},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Most caddisfly larvae build cases of silk and a variety of collected materials. Multiple functions,
including protection from predators, resistance to entrainment by high flows, and improved respiration,
have been suggested for caddisfly cases. We investigated the functional role of cases built by Dicosmoecus gilvipes, a limnephilid caddisfly. In this species, the 1st- through 4th-instar larvae build cases with plant material and attach Douglas-fir needles as lateral extensions that resemble vanes on an arrow. We tested whether the lateral extensions and entire case deterred predators by manipulating lateral extensions and case presence for larvae exposed to large steelhead trout. No larva with a case (with or without lateral extensions) was consumed during the experiment, whereas all larvae without a case were consumed. We tested whether lateral extensions provided stability against overturning and entrainment by manipulating presence of lateral extensions and subjecting larvae to turbulent flow conditions. Once dislodged, larvae with lateral extensions experienced fewer revolutions and regained their footing faster than those without extensions. Our results suggest lateral extensions provide stability against overturning in fast flow and may improve the ability of larvae to forage efficiently in turbulent flow conditions. Other caddisfly species build lateral extensions on their case, and the extensions may provide similar benefits for these taxa.
including protection from predators, resistance to entrainment by high flows, and improved respiration,
have been suggested for caddisfly cases. We investigated the functional role of cases built by Dicosmoecus gilvipes, a limnephilid caddisfly. In this species, the 1st- through 4th-instar larvae build cases with plant material and attach Douglas-fir needles as lateral extensions that resemble vanes on an arrow. We tested whether the lateral extensions and entire case deterred predators by manipulating lateral extensions and case presence for larvae exposed to large steelhead trout. No larva with a case (with or without lateral extensions) was consumed during the experiment, whereas all larvae without a case were consumed. We tested whether lateral extensions provided stability against overturning and entrainment by manipulating presence of lateral extensions and subjecting larvae to turbulent flow conditions. Once dislodged, larvae with lateral extensions experienced fewer revolutions and regained their footing faster than those without extensions. Our results suggest lateral extensions provide stability against overturning in fast flow and may improve the ability of larvae to forage efficiently in turbulent flow conditions. Other caddisfly species build lateral extensions on their case, and the extensions may provide similar benefits for these taxa.
2003
Suttle, Kenwyn B.
Pollinators as mediators of top-down effects on plants Journal Article
In: Ecology Letters, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 688-694, 2003.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Crab spider, indirect effects, interaction web, Leucanthemum vulgare, Misumenops schlingeri, ox-eye daisy, pollen limitation, pollination, predation, risk effects
@article{Suttle2003,
title = {Pollinators as mediators of top-down effects on plants},
author = {Kenwyn B. Suttle},
url = {https://angelo.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/59/Suttle-2003-Ecology_Letters.pdf},
doi = {DOI: 10.1046/j.1461-0248.2003.00490.x},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-07-07},
journal = {Ecology Letters},
volume = {6},
number = {8},
pages = {688-694},
abstract = {This paper explores the idea that predators may disrupt plant–pollinator relationships and consequently inhibit reproduction in flowering plants. Amidst growing evidence that predators influence plant–pollinator interactions, I suggest that such pollinator-mediated indirect effects may be a common feature of terrestrial communities, with implications for research into top-down effects and pollination ecology. Experimental evidence of such an effect from a riparian system in northern California is provided, where crab spiders decreased seed production in inflorescences of the invasive plant Leucanthemum vulgare by reducing the frequency and duration of floral visits by pollinating insects.},
keywords = {Crab spider, indirect effects, interaction web, Leucanthemum vulgare, Misumenops schlingeri, ox-eye daisy, pollen limitation, pollination, predation, risk effects},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper explores the idea that predators may disrupt plant–pollinator relationships and consequently inhibit reproduction in flowering plants. Amidst growing evidence that predators influence plant–pollinator interactions, I suggest that such pollinator-mediated indirect effects may be a common feature of terrestrial communities, with implications for research into top-down effects and pollination ecology. Experimental evidence of such an effect from a riparian system in northern California is provided, where crab spiders decreased seed production in inflorescences of the invasive plant Leucanthemum vulgare by reducing the frequency and duration of floral visits by pollinating insects.